REGULATION 3 - SECTION 7
RULE
7-400 - CONTROL OF PERCHLOROETHYLENE EMISSIONS FROM
AIRBORNE TOXIC CONTROL MEASURE
FOR EMISSIONS OF PERCHLOROETHYLENE
FROM DRY CLEANING OPERATIONS
This regulation is adopted pursuant to the
provisions of Section 93109, Titles 17 and 26, California Code of Regulations
(CCR).
[Adopted
On October 10, 1991, pursuant to Section 39662
of the Health and Safety Code, the Air Resources Board (ARB) identified
perchloroethylene as a toxic air contaminant for which there is not sufficient
available scientific evidence to support the identification of a threshold
exposure level below which no significant adverse health effects are
anticipated (see Title 17, California Administrative Code, Section 93000). This airborne toxic control measure will
reduce perchloroethylene emissions from dry cleaning operations and resulting
cancer risk and cancer incidence to the lowest achievable level through
application of best available control technology at operations subject to this
measure.
This regulation shall apply to any person who
owns or operates perchloroethylene dry cleaning equipment.
(a1) Adsorptive
Cartridge Filter:
means
a replaceable cartridge filter that contains diatomaceous earth or activated
clay as the filter medium.
(c1) Cartridge
Filter:
means
a replaceable cartridge filter that contains one of the following as the filter
medium: paper, activated carbon, or paper and activated carbon. A cartridge filter contains no diatomaceous
earth or activated clay. Cartridge
filters include, but are not limited to: standard filters, split filters,
"jumbo filters", and all carbon-polishing filters.
(c2) Closed-Loop
Machine:
means
dry cleaning equipment in which washing, extraction, and drying are all
performed in the same single unit (also known as dry-to-dry) and which
recirculates perchloroethylene-laden vapor through a primary control system
with no exhaust to the atmosphere during the drying cycle. A closed-loop machine may allow for venting
to the ambient air through a fugitive control system after the drying cycle is
complete and only while the machine door is open.
(c3) Co-Located With A Residence:
means
sharing a common wall, floor, or ceiling with a residence. For the purposes of this definition,
"residence" means any dwelling or housing which is owned, rented, or
occupied by the same person for a period of 180 days or more, excluding
short-term housing such as a motel or hotel room rented and occupied by the
same person for a period of less than 180 days.
(c4) Converted
Machine:
means
an existing vented machine that has been modified to be a closed-loop machine
by eliminating the aeration step, installing a primary control system, and
providing for recirculation of the perchloroethylene-laden vapor with no
exhaust to the atmosphere or workroom during the drying cycle. A converted machine may allow for venting to
the ambient air through a fugitive control system after the drying cycle is
complete and only while the machine door is open.
(c5) Cool
Down:
means
the portion of the drying cycle that begins when the heating mechanism
deactivates and the refrigerated condenser continues to reduce the temperature
of the air recirculating through the drum to reduce the concentration of
perchloroethylene in the drum.
(d1) Date
Of Compliance:
means
the time from the date of adoption of this control measure in the District
until a facility must be in compliance with the specific requirements of this
control measure.
(d2) Desorption:
means
regeneration of an activated carbon bed, or any other type of vapor absorber by
removal of the adsorbed solvent using hot air, steam, or other means.
(d3) Dip Tank Operations:
means
the immersion of materials in a solution that contains perchloroethylene, for
purposes other than dry cleaning, in a tank or container that is separate from
the dry cleaning equipment.
(d4) District:
means
the local Air Pollution Control District or Air Quality Management District.
(d5) Drum:
means
the rotating cylinder or wheel of the dry cleaning machine that holds the
materials being cleaned.
(d6)
Dry Cleaning Equipment:
means
any machine, device, or apparatus used to dry clean materials with
perchloroethylene or to remove residual perchloroethylene from previously
cleaned materials. Dry cleaning
equipment may include, but is not limited to, a transfer machine, a vented
machine, a converted machine, a closed-loop machine, a reclaimer, or a drying
cabinet.
(d7) Dry
Cleaning System:
means all of the
following equipment, devices, or apparatus associated with the
perchloroethylene dry cleaning process:
dry cleaning equipment; filter or purification systems; waste holding,
treatment, or disposal systems; perchloroethylene supply systems; dip tanks;
pumps; gaskets; piping, ducting, fittings, valves, or flanges that convey
perchloroethylene-contaminated air; and control systems.
(d8) Drying
Cabinet:
means
a housing in which materials previously cleaned with perchloroethylene are
placed to dry and which is used only to dry materials that would otherwise be
damaged by the heat and tumbling action of the drying cycle.
(d9) Drying
Cycle:
means
the process used to actively remove the perchloroethylene remaining in the
materials after washing and extraction.
For closed-loop machines, the heated portion of the cycle is followed by
cool-down and may be extended beyond cool-down by the activation of a control
system. The drying cycle begins when
heating coils are activated and ends when the machine ceases rotation of the
drum.
(e1) Environmental
Training Program:
means
an initial course or a refresher course of the environmental training program
for perchloroethylene dry cleaning operations that has been authorized by the
Air Resources Board according to the requirements of 17 CCR, Section 93110.
(e2) Equivalent
Closed
means
a device or combination of devices that achieves, in practice, a
perchloroethylene recovery performance equal to or exceeding that of
refrigerated condensers.
(e3) Existing
Faciality:
means
any facility that operated dry cleaning equipment prior to
(f1) Facility:
means any entity or
entities which own or operate perchloroethylene dry cleaning equipment, are
owned or operated by the same person or persons, and are located on the same
parcel or contiguous parcels.
(f2) Facility
Efficiency:
means
the efficiency of perchloroethylene use at a facility, expressed as the pounds
of materials cleaned per gallon of perchloroethylene used, and calculated for
all dry cleaning machines at the facility over a specified time period.
(f3) Fugitive
Control System:
means
a device or apparatus that collects fugitive perchloroethylene vapors from the
machine door, button and lint traps, still, or other intentional openings of
the dry cleaning system and routes those vapors to a device that reduces the
mass of perchloroethylene prior to exhaust of the vapor to the atmosphere.
(f4) Full
Time Employee:
means
any person who is employed at the dry cleaning facility and averages at least
30 hours per week in any 90-day period.
(g1) Gallons
Of Perchloroethylene Used:
means
the volume of perchloroethylene, in gallons, introduced into the dry cleaning
equipment, and not recovered at the facility for reuse on-site in the dry
cleaning equipment, over a specified time period.
(h1)
means
a portable device capable of detecting vapor concentrations of
perchloroethylene of 25 ppmv or less and indicating an increasing concentration
by emitting an audible signal or visual indicator that varies as the
concentration changes.
(l1)
Liquid Leak:
means
a leak of liquid containing perchloroethylene of more than 1 drop every 3
minutes.
(m1) Materials:
means
wearing apparel, draperies, linens, fabrics, textiles, rugs, leather, and other
goods that are dry-cleaned.
(m2)
Muck Cooker:
means
a device for heating perchloroethylene-laden waste material to volatilize and
recover perchloroethylene.
(n1) New
Facility:
means
a facility that did not operate any dry cleaning equipment prior to
(p1) Perceptible
Vapor Leak:
means
an emission of perchloroethylene vapor from unintended openings in the dry
cleaning system, as indicated by the odor of perchloroethylene or the detection
of gas flow by passing the fingers over the surface of the system. This definition applies for an interim period
until
(p2) Perchloroethlene (PERC):
means
the substance with the chemical formula 'C2Cl4', also known by the name
'tetrachloroethylene', which has been identified by the Air Resources Board and
listed as a toxic air contaminant in 17 CCR, Section 93000.
(p3) Perchloroethylene
Dry Cleaning Or Dry Cleaning:
means
the process used to remove soil, greases, paints, and other unwanted substances
from materials with perchloroethylene.
(p4) Pounds
of Materials Cleaned Per Load:
means
the total dry weight, in pounds, of the materials in each load dry-cleaned at
the facility, as determined by weighing each load on a scale prior to dry
cleaning and recording the value.
(p5) Primary
Control System:
means
a refrigerated condenser, or an equivalent closed-loop vapor recovery system
approved by the District.
(r1) Reclaimer:
means
a machine, device, or apparatus used only to remove residual perchloroethylene
from materials that have been previously cleaned in a separate piece of dry
cleaning equipment.
(r2) Reasonably Available:
as
it applies to an initial course for the environmental training program, means
that the course is offered within 200 miles of the District boundaries and that
all such courses have a capacity, in the aggregate, that is adequate to
accommodate at least one person from each facility in the District required to
certify a trained operator at that time.
(r3)
Refrigerated Condenser:
means
a closed-loop vapor recovery system into which perchloroethylene vapors are
introduced and trapped by cooling below the dew point of the perchloroethylene.
(s1) Secondary
Control System:
means
a device or apparatus that reduces the concentration of perchloroethylene in
the recirculating air at the end of the drying cycle
beyond the level achievable with a refrigerated condenser alone. An "integral" secondary control
system is designed and offered as an integral part of a production package with
a single make and model of dry cleaning machine and primary control system. An "add-on" secondary control
system is designed or offered as a separate retrofit system for use on multiple
machine makes and models.
(s2) Self-Service
Dry Cleaning Machine:
means
a perchloroethylene dry cleaning machine that is loaded, activated, or unloaded
by the customer.
(s3) Separator:
means
any device used to recover perchloroethylene from a water-perchloroethylene
mixture.
(s4)
Still:
means
a device used to volatilize and recover perchloroethylene from contaminated
solvent removed from the cleaned materials.
(t1) Trained
Operator:
means
the owner, the operator, or an employee of the facility, who holds a record of
completion for the initial course of an environmental training program and
maintains her/his status by successfully completing the refresher courses as
required.
(t2) Transfer
Machine:
means
a combination of perchloroethylene dry cleaning equipment in which washing and
extraction are performed in one unit and drying is performed in a separate
unit.
(v1) Vapor Absorber:
means
a bed of activated carbon or other adsorbent into which perchloroethylene
vapors are introduced and trapped for subsequent desorption.
(v2) Vapor
Leak:
means an emission of
perchloroethylene vapor from unintended openings in the dry cleaning system, as
indicated by a rapid audible signal or visual signal from a
halogenated-hydrocarbon detector or a concentration of perchloroethylene
exceeding 50 ppmv as methane as indicated by a portable analyzer. This definition applies on
(v3) Vented
Machine:
means
dry cleaning equipment in which washing, extraction, and drying are all
performed in the same single unit and in which fresh air is introduced into the
drum in the last step of the drying cycle and exhausted to the atmosphere,
either directly or through a control device.
(w1) Waste
Water Evaporator:
means
a device that vaporizes perchloroethylene-contaminated waste water through the
addition of thermal or chemical energy, or through physical action.
(w2) Water-Repelling
Operations:
means
the treatment of materials with a water-repellent solution that contains
perchloroethylene.
(a) Any owner or operator of new or existing
perchloroethylene dry cleaning equipment shall file an application for an
Authority to Construct with the District. The
application for existing perchloroethylene dry cleaning equipment shall be
filed with the District within 90 days of rule adoption by the District and the
applicant shall pay the fees as specified in Rule 7-300 - Fees.
(a) Initial
Fee
Every Applicant for an
Authority to Construct for any new or existing
perchloroethylene dry cleaning facility as required by this regulation shall
pay an initial application fee of $200.00 at the time of the filing of the
application.
(b) Annual Renewal Fee
On
c) Transfer
of Owner
Where an application
is filed for a Permit to Operate any perchloroethylene
dry cleaning facility by reason of transfer of owner, and where a Permit to
Operate has been previously granted under Rule 7-500, and no modifications to
the facility have been made, the applicant shall pay a $50.00 transfer fee.
(d) Alteration
of Equipment
Where an application
is filed for an Authority to Construct or a Permit to Operate exclusively
involving revisions to the conditions of an existing Authority to Construct or
Permit to Operate or involving alterations or additions resulting in a change
to any existing perchloroethylene dry cleaning equipment holding a permit under
the provisions of this regulation, the permit fee shall be recalculated to show
any rating changes and pro-rated for the balance of the annual permit period.
(e) Duplicate
Permit
A request for a
duplicate Permit to Operate shall be made in writing to the District within 10
days after the destruction, loss or defacement of a Permit to Operate and shall
contain the reason a duplicate is being requested. A fee of $10.00 shall be
paid for a duplicate Permit to Operate.
(f) Late
Fee Penalty
If any
perchloroethylene dry cleaning equipment is constructed or operated without the
owner or operator obtaining an Authority to Construct in accordance with Rule
7-200, the applicant shall be assessed a late fee penalty which is one and
one-half times the applicable initial fee. The assessment of a late fee penalty
shall not limit the District's right to pursue any other remedy provided for by
law.
RULE 7-400 - CONTROL
OF PERCHLOROETHYLENE EMISSIONS FROM
(a) Notification
By the applicable date
shown in Column 2 of Table 1, every Owner/Operator of perchloroethylene dry
cleaning equipment shall provide the following information to the District:
(1)
The name(s) of the owner and operator of
the facility.
(2)
The facility name and location.
(3)
Whether or not the facility is co-located
with a residence.
(4)
The number, types, and capacities of all
dry cleaning equipment.
(5)
Any control systems for each dry cleaning
machine.
(6)
For existing facilities only, the gallons
of Perchloroethylene purchased by the facility during the previous calendar year.
The District may exempt a source from this
requirement if the District maintains current equivalent information on the
facility.
(b) Recordkeeping
The Owner/Operator of
an existing Perchloroethylene dry cleaning facility shall maintain records for
the specified time-period, upon adoption of this rule by the District. The Owner/Operator of a new Perchloroethylene
dry cleaning facility shall maintain records for the specified time-period,
beginning upon the commencement of operation.
These records, or copies thereof, shall be accessible at the facility at
all times.
(1) All of the following records shall be
retained for at least 2 years or until the next District inspection of the
facility, whichever period is longer:
(A) For each dry cleaning machine, a log showing
the date and the pounds of materials cleaned per load.
(B) Purchase and delivery receipts for
Perchloroethylene.
(1) For only those facilities with solvent
tanks that are not directly filled by the Perchloroethylene supplier upon delivery,
the date(s) and gallons of Perchloroethylene added to the solvent tank of each
dry cleaning machine.
(C) The completed leak inspection checklists
required by subsection (d)(2) and the operation and
maintenance checklists required by subsection (d)(1)(A).
(D) For liquid leaks, perceptible vapor
leaks, or vapor leaks that were not repaired at the time of detection, a record
of the leaking component(s) of the dry cleaning system awaiting repair and the
action(s) taken to complete the repair.
The record shall include copies of purchase orders or other written
records showing when the repair parts were ordered and/or service was
requested.
(2) For dry cleaning equipment installed
after the effective date of this control measure in the District, the
manufacturer's operating manual for all components of the dry cleaning system
shall be retained for the life of the equipment.
(3) The original record of completion for
each trained operator shall be retained during the employment of that person. A copy of the record of completion shall be
retained for an additional period of two years beyond the separation of that
person from employment at the facility.
(c) Annual
Reporting
The owner/operator
shall maintain an annual report. At the
District's discretion, the facility owner or operator shall furnish this annual
report to the District by the date specified by the District. The annual report shall include all of the
following:
(1)
A copy of the record of completion for
each trained operator.
(2)
The total of the pounds of materials
cleaned per load and the gallons of perchloroethylene used for all solvent
additions in the reporting period.
(3)
The average facility efficiency,
determined from all solvent additions in the reporting period, as follows:
The Total of the
Pounds of Materials Cleaned Annually.
_____________________________________________
The
Total of the Gallons of Perchloroethylene Annually.
(d) Good
Operating Practices
The owner/operator
shall not operate dry cleaning equipment after the applicable dates shown in
Column 5 and Column
6 of Table 1, unless all of the following requirements are met:
(1) Operation and maintenance
requirements. The trained operator, or
his/her designee, shall operate and maintain all components of the dry cleaning
system in accordance with the requirements of this section and the conditions
specified in the facility's operating permit beginning on the applicable date
specified in Column 5 of Table 1. For
operations not specifically addressed, the components shall be operated and
maintained in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations.
(A) The District shall provide an operation
and maintenance checklist to the facility.
Each operation and maintenance function and the date performed shall be
recorded on the checklist. The operation
and maintenance checklist provided by the District shall include, at a minimum,
the following requirements:
(1)
Refrigerated condensers shall be operated
to ensure that exhaust gases are recirculated until the
air-vapor stream temperature on the outlet side of the refrigerated condenser,
downstream of any bypass, is less than or equal to 45° F (7.2° C).
(2)
Primary control systems, other than
refrigerated condensers, shall be operated to ensure that exhaust gases are recirculated until the Perchloroethylene concentration in
the drum is less than or equal to 8,600 ppmv at the end of the drying cycle,
before the machine door is opened and any fugitive control system activates.
(3)
Vapor adsorbers
used as a primary control system or secondary control system shall be operated
to ensure that exhaust gases are recirculated at the
temperature specified by the District, based on the manufacturer's
recommendations for optimum adsorption.
These vapor adsorbers shall be desorbed
according to the conditions specified by the District in the facility's
operating permit, including a requirement that no Perchloroethylene vapors
shall be routed to the atmosphere during routine operation or desorption.
(4)
During the interim period between
compliance with this subsection and compliance with the requirements of
subsection (e), an existing facility with a transfer machine or a vented
machine shall operate any existing carbon adsorber,
which functions during the drying cycle, to meet the following requirements:
(i) Desorption
shall be performed periodically, at the frequency specified by the
District. The frequency, at a minimum,
shall be each time all dry cleaning equipment exhausted to the device has
cleaned a total of three pounds of materials for each pound of activated
carbon. Desorption shall be performed with the
minimum steam pressure and air flow capacity specified by the District.
(ii) Once desorption
is complete, the carbon bed shall be fully dried according to the manufacturer's
instructions.
(iii) No vented perchloroethylene vapors shall
bypass the carbon adsorber to the atmosphere.
(5) Cartridge filters and adsorptive
cartridge filters shall be handled using one of the following methods.
(i) Drained in the filter housing, before
disposal, for no less than: 24 hours for
cartridge filters and 48 hours for adsorptive cartridge filters. If the filters are then transferred to a
separate device to further reduce the volume of Perchloroethylene, this
treatment shall be done in a system that routes any vapor to a primary control
system, with no exhaust to the atmosphere or workroom.
(ii) Dried, stripped, sparged,
or otherwise treated, within the sealed filter housing, to reduce the volume of
Perchloroethylene contained in the filter.
(6) A still, and any muck cooker, shall not
exceed 75 percent of its capacity, or an alternative level recommended by the
manufacturer. A still, and any muck
cooker, shall cool to 100° F (38° C) or less before emptying or cleaning.
(7) Button and lint traps shall be cleaned
each working day and the lint placed in a tightly sealed container.
(8) All parts of the dry cleaning system
where Perchloroethylene may be exposed to the atmosphere or workroom shall be
kept closed at all times except when access is required for proper operation
and maintenance.
(9) Waste water evaporators shall be
operated to ensure that no liquid Perchloroethylene or visible emulsion is
allowed to vaporize.
(2) Leak-check and repair requirements. The trained operator, or her/his designee,
shall inspect the dry cleaning system for liquid leaks and perceptible vapor
leaks beginning on the applicable date shown in Column 5 of Table 1. The trained operator, or her/his designee,
shall inspect the dry cleaning system for vapor leaks instead of perceptible
vapor leaks beginning
(A) The dry cleaning system shall be
inspected at least once per week for liquid leaks and:
(1)
For perceptible vapor leaks, beginning on
the applicable date shown in Column 5 of Table 1.
(2)
For vapor leaks, beginning
(i) A halogenated-hydrocarbon detector.
(ii) A portable gas analyzer or an
alternative method approved by the District.
(B) Any liquid leak, perceptible vapor leak,
or vapor leak that has been detected by the operator shall be noted on the
checklist and repaired according to the requirements of this subsection. If the leak is not repaired at the time of
detection, the leaking component shall be physically marked or tagged in a
manner that is readily observable by a District inspector.
(C) Any liquid leak, perceptible vapor leak,
or vapor leak detected by the District, which has not been so noted on the
checklist and marked on the leaking component of the dry cleaning system, shall
constitute a violation of this section.
For enforcement purposes, the District shall:
(1)
Identify the presence of a perceptible
vapor leak based on the odor of Perchloroethylene or the detection of gas flow
by passing the fingers over the surface of the system.
(2)
Identify the presence of a vapor leak by
determining the concentration of Perchloroethylene with a portable analyzer:
(i)
According to ARB Test Method 21 (17 CCR,
Section 94124,
(ii) Measured 1 cm. away from the dry
cleaning system.
(D) Any liquid leak or vapor leak shall be repaired
within 24 hours of detection.
(1) If repair parts are not available at the
facility, the parts shall be ordered within two working days of detecting such
a leak. Such repair parts shall be
installed within five working days after receipt. A facility with a leak that has not been
repaired by the end of the 15th working day after detection shall not operate
the dry cleaning equipment, until the leak is repaired, without a leak-repair
extension from the District.
(2) A District may grant a leak-repair
extension to a facility, for a single period of 30 days or less, if the
District makes these findings:
(i) The delay in repairing the leak could
not have been avoided by action on the part of the facility.
(ii) The facility used reasonable preventive measures
and acted promptly to initiate the repair.
(iii) The leak would not significantly increase
Perchloroethylene exposure near the facility.
(iv) The facility is in
compliance with all other requirements of this section and has a history of
compliance.
(3) Environmental training requirements. The facility shall have one or more trained
operators beginning on the applicable date shown in Column 6 of Table 1.
(A) A trained operator shall be the owner, the
operator, or another employee of the facility, who successfully completes the
initial course of an environmental training program to become a trained
operator. Evidence of successful
completion of the initial course shall be the original record of completion
issued pursuant to 17 CCR, Section 93110.
The trained operator shall be a full-time employee of the facility. Except for the provisions of subsection (d)(3)(C)(2), one person cannot serve as the trained operator
for two or more facilities simultaneously.
(B) Each trained operator shall successfully
complete the refresher course of an environmental training program at least
once every three years. Evidence of
successful completion of each refresher course shall be the date of the course
and the instructor's signature on the original record of completion.
(C) If the facility has only one trained
operator and the trained operator leaves the employ of the facility, the
facility shall:
(1)
Notify the District in writing within 30
days of the departure of the trained operator.
(2)
Obtain certification for a
replacement-trained operator within 3 months, except that a trained operator
who owns or manages multiple facilities may serve as the interim-trained
operator at two of those facilities simultaneously for a maximum period of 4
months, by which time each facility must have its own-trained operator.
(3)
If the District determines that the
initial course of an environmental training program is not reasonably
available, the District may extend the certification period for a
replacement-trained operator until 1 month after the course is reasonably
available.
(e)
Equipment
The owner/operator
shall not operate dry cleaning equipment after the applicable date shown in
Column 7 of Table 1, unless the following requirements are met:
(1) Prohibited Equipment. The owner/operator shall not operate any of
the following types of dry cleaning equipment after the applicable date shown
in Column 7 of Table 1.
(A) A transfer machine, including any
reclaimer or other device in which materials that have been previously dry
cleaned with Perchloroethylene are placed to dry, except a drying cabinet that
meets the requirements of item (4)(A) of this subsection.
(B) A
vented machine.
(C) A
self-service dry cleaning machine.
(2) Required Equipment. The owner/operator of each new or existing
facility shall meet the applicable requirements of Table 1 as follows:
(A) For an existing facility:
(1) By October 1, 1995, choose either Option
1 or Option 2 of Table 1 and notify the District of her/his choice.
(2) Comply with the requirements of Option
2, notwithstanding her/his choice of Option 1, if the facility does not meet
the applicable requirements for Option 1 by
(3) Install, operate, and maintain the
required equipment for the option chosen, as shown in column 1 of Table 1 for
existing facilities.
(B) A new facility shall install, operate, and
maintain the required equipment shown in Column 1 of Table 1 for new
facilities. The applicable requirements
shall be determined based on the date the facility commences operation of the
dry cleaning equipment.
(3) Specifications for Required
Equipment. Required equipment shall meet
the following specifications:
(A) A primary control system shall:
(1)
Operate during both the heated and cool-down
phases of the drying cycle to reduce the mass of Perchloroethylene in the
re-circulating air stream.
(2)
Not exhaust to the atmosphere or
workroom.
(3)
Not require the addition of any form of
water to the primary control system that results in physical contact between
the water and Perchloroethylene.
(4)
For refrigerated condensers only:
(i) Be capable of achieving an outlet vapor
temperature, downstream of any bypass, of less than or equal to 45° F (7.2° C)
during cool-down; and
(ii) Have a graduated thermometer with a minimum
range from 0° F (-18° C) to 150° F (66° C), which measures the temperature of
the outlet vapor stream, downstream of any bypass of the condenser, and is
easily visible to the operator.
(5)
For equivalent closed-loop vapor recovery
systems:
(i) a technology that has been demonstrated,
pursuant to the requirements of subsection (f), to achieve a Perchloroethylene
concentration of 8,600 ppmv or less in each test.
(ii) Have a device that measures the
Perchloroethylene concentration, or a demonstrated surrogate parameter, in the
drum at the end of each drying cycle, before the machine door is opened and any
fugitive control system activates, and indicates if the concentration is above
or below 8,600 ppmv. This device shall
be installed such that the reading is easily visible to the operator.
(B) A converted machine shall meet all of the
following requirements, as demonstrated on-site to the District, either upon
conversion or prior to compliance with the requirements of subsection (e)(2)(A):
(1) All process vents that exhaust to the
atmosphere or workroom during washing, extraction, or drying shall be sealed.
(2) The converted machine shall use an
appropriately sized primary control system to recover Perchloroethylene vapor
during the heated and cool-down phases of the drying cycle.
(i) A refrigerated condenser shall be
considered appropriately sized, for a machine converted on or after the date
that this section is filed with the Secretary of State, if all of the following
conditions are met:
(a.) The water-cooled condensing coils are
replaced with refrigerant-cooled condensing coils.
(b.) The compressor of the refrigerated condenser
shall have a capacity, in horsepower (hp) that is no less than the minimum
capacity, determined as follows:
Minimum Capacity
of the Machine (lbs)
Capacity (Hp) = 12
(ii) A refrigerated condenser shall be
considered appropriately sized, for a machine converted prior to the date that
this section is filed with the Secretary of State, if the conditions (a) or (b)
below are met:
(a) The refrigerated condenser shall meet the
specifications for new conversions in subsection (e)(3)(B)(2)(i).
(b) The refrigerated condenser shall achieve,
and maintain for 3 minutes, an outlet vapor temperature, measured downstream of
the condenser and any bypass of the condenser, of less than or equal to 45° F
(7.2° C) within 10 minutes of the initiation of cool-down.
(iii) An
equivalent closed-loop vapor recovery system shall be appropriately sized for
the conversion of a vented machine if the system does not extend the total
drying time by more than five minutes to meet the specifications of subsection
(e)(3)(A)(5).
(3) The converted machine shall operate with no
liquid leaks and no vapor leaks. Any
seal, gasket, or connection determined to have a liquid leak or vapor leak
shall be replaced.
(C) A secondary control system shall:
(1)
Be designed to function with a primary
control system or be designed to function as a combined primary control system
and secondary control system that meets all of the applicable requirements of
this section.
(2)
Not exhaust to the atmosphere or
workroom.
(3)
Not require the addition of any form of
water to the secondary control system that results in physical contact between
the water and Perchloroethylene.
(4) Use a technology that has been
demonstrated, pursuant to the requirements of subsection (f), to achieve a
Perchloroethylene concentration in the drum of 300 ppmv or less in each test.
(5) Have a holding capacity equal to or greater
than 200 percent of the maximum quantity of Perchloroethylene vapor expected in
the drum prior to activation of the system.
(6) For add-on secondary control systems only,
the system shall be sized and capable of reducing the Perchloroethylene
concentration in the drum from 8,600 ppmv or greater to 300 ppmv or less in the
maximum volume of re-circulating air in the dry cleaning machine and all
contiguous piping.
(4) Specifications for Other Equipment.
(A) A drying cabinet shall:
(1) Be fully enclosed.
(2) Be exhausted via one of the following
methods:
(i) To a control system that has been
demonstrated, pursuant to the requirements of subsection (f), to achieve a
Perchloroethylene concentration of 100 ppmv or less in each test, measured at
the outlet without dilution.
(ii) To a control system that reduces the
concentration of Perchloroethylene in a closed system with no exhaust to the
atmosphere or workroom.
(f) Equipment Testing
For a given design, a
single test program shall be conducted, in accordance with the following
procedures, to meet the specifications in subsections (e)(3)
and (e)(4). The person or organization
conducting the test program shall prepare a written test plan that describes,
in detail, the dry cleaning machine and control systems being tested, the test
protocol, and the test method.
(1) Test
Program and Scope. A
minimum of three tests shall be conducted for each test program on each control
system design. All tests for a single
test program shall be conducted on a single dry cleaning machine.
(A) Test results for a primary control system
design, or an add-on secondary control system design, may be applied to a
different make/model of dry cleaning machine if the equipment designer or
facility demonstrates, to the satisfaction of the District, that:
(1) The test results would be representative of
the performance of the control system design on the different make/model of dry
cleaning machine.
(2) The control system design is properly sized
for the maximum volume of recirculating air in the dry cleaning machine during
the drying cycle.
(B) Test results for an integral secondary
control system design may not be applied to a different make/model of dry
cleaning machine.
(2) Test
Conditions. Testing
shall be conducted under normal operating conditions, unless otherwise
specified.
(A) For primary control systems and secondary
control systems, each test shall be conducted during the cleaning of one load
of materials.
(1) The machine shall be filled to no less than
75 percent of its capacity with materials for each test.
(2) The weight of materials shall be recorded
for each test.
(B) A primary control system shall be tested on
a closed-loop machine, or a converted machine, without a secondary control
system.
(C) A secondary control system shall be tested
on a closed-loop machine.
(1) An integral secondary control system shall
be tested with the primary control system operating normally.
(2) An add-on secondary control system shall be
tested independent of a primary control system and the initial
perchloroethylene concentration in the drum shall be 8,600 ppmv or greater.
7
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(D) For a control system on the exhaust of a
drying cabinet, each test shall be conducted following the placement of
materials cleaned with perchloroethylene in the drying cabinet. The materials shall be transferred to the
drying cabinet and testing shall begin no later than 15 minutes after the end
of the washing and extraction process.
(1)
The drying cabinet shall be filled to no
less than 50 percent of its capacity with materials for each test.
(2)
The weight of materials shall be recorded
for each test.
(3) Test
Method.
Equipment shall be tested in accordance with the following methods.
(A) For primary control systems and secondary
control systems:
(1) The temperature of the air in the drum
shall be measured and recorded continuously during the entire drying cycle,
including the operation of the secondary control system.
(2) Sampling shall be conducted as follows:
(i) For primary control systems and integral
secondary control systems, sampling shall begin at the end of the drying cycle
and be completed within 5 minutes.
(ii)
For add-on secondary control systems,
sampling shall be done when the concentration of Perchloroethylene is 8,600
ppmv or greater and again when the concentration reaches 300 ppmv or less.
(iii) Sampling shall be completed prior to the
opening of the machine door and activation of any fugitive control system.
(3) The
Perchloroethylene concentration in the drum shall be
determined by one of the following methods:
(i) A sampling port and valve shall be
appropriately placed to draw a sample from the interior of the drum or the lint
filter housing. The sampling port shall
be connected to a gas chromatograph by one-quarter (1/4) inch, outside
diameter, Teflon tubing. Any sampling
pump shall have Teflon diaphragms. The
gas chromatographer shall measure the concentrations of Perchloroethylene in
accordance with ARB Method 422 (17 CCR, Section 94132, December 31, 1991) or
NIOSH Method 1003 (NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods, U.S. Department of
Health and Human Services, August 15, 1987).
(ii) A sampling port and valve shall be
appropriately placed to draw a sample from the interior of the drum or the lint
filter housing. The sampling port shall
be connected by one-quarter (1/4) inch outside diameter Teflon tubing to a
Tedlar bag. Any sampling pump shall have
Teflon diaphragms. The concentration of Perchloroethylene
in the air sampled shall be measured in accordance with ARB Method 422 (17 CCR,
Section 94132, December 31, 1991) or NIOSH Method 1003 (NIOSH Manual of
Analytical Methods, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, August 15,
1987) within 24 hours of sampling. If an
independent laboratory is contracted to perform the analysis of the samples,
the chain of custody procedures contained in ARB Method 422 or NIOSH Method
1003 shall be followed.
(B) For a control device on the exhaust of a
drying cabinet, sampling and analysis shall be conducted using ARB Method 422 (17
CCR, Section 94132, December 31, 1991) or NIOSH Method 1003 (NIOSH Manual of
Analytical Methods, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, August 15,
1987).
(C) An alternative test method deemed acceptable
by the Air Pollution Control
(4) All test plans and test results shall be
made available to the District and the Executive
(g) Water
Repelling and Dip Tank Operations
No person shall
perform water repelling or dip tank operations, after the applicable date shown
in Column 8 of Table 1, unless all of the following requirements are met:
(1) All materials to be treated with
Perchloroethylene water-repelling solutions shall be treated in a closed-loop
machine, a converted machine, or a dip tank.
(2) For dip tank operations:
(A) The dip tank shall be fitted with a cover
that prevents the escape of Perchloroethylene vapors from the tank and shall
remain covered at all times, except when materials are placed in and removed
from the dip tank or while the basket is moved into position for draining.
(B)
After immersion, the materials shall be
drained within the covered dip tank until dripping ceases.
(C) All materials removed from a dip tank shall
be immediately placed into a closed-loop machine or a converted machine for
drying and not removed from the machine until the materials are dry.
(h) Compliance
(a) Facility shall comply with all provisions
of this section as follows:
(1) By the applicable dates of compliance
specified in Column 1 through Column 8 of Table 1.
(2) For compliance with subsection (d)(3) "Environmental Training Requirements", an
alternative date of compliance shall apply if the District determines that the
initial course of an environmental training program for Perchloroethylene dry
cleaning operations is not reasonably available.
(A) For existing facilities in the District, if
the initial course is not reasonably available by April 1, 1996, the
alternative date of compliance for subsection (d)(3) only shall be 6 months
from the date the District determines that the initial course is reasonably
available.
(B) For each new facility in the District, if
the initial course is not reasonably available within the period from 3 months
prior to 2 months following commencement of operation, the alternative date of
compliance for subsection (d)(3) only shall be 1 month from the date the
District determines that the initial course is reasonably available.
Authority cited:
Sections 39002, 39655, 39656, 39658, 39659, 39666, 40000, 40001, 40702,
and 41700, Health and Safety Code; Sections 7412 and 7416, Title 42, United
States Code
Reference:
Sections 39655, 39656, 39659, and 39666, Health and Safety Code; Section
7412 and 7414, Title 42, United States Code; Sections 63320, 63.321, 63.323,
and 63.324, Title 40, Code of Federal Regulations, Section 93109, Titles 17 and
26, California Code of Regulations.